Professor Fabre is Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Oxford and Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College. She is a world-class contemporary political philosopher, whose work has focused on politics, the ethics of war, bioethics, and theories of justice. She is the author of several works, including ‘Economic Statecraft: Human Rights, Sanctions, and Conditionality.’

This discussion developed a case study of Central Asia and the Caucasus to examine how various actors might adapt to and exploit new technologies. Our incredible panellists included Dr. Anatoly Motken (Founder & President of StrategEast, a think tank working to develop Eurasia’s digital infrastructure), Fletcher Pasque (a business development executive at SBC) and Dr. Corneliu Bjola (a world-leading academic of digital diplomacy at Oxford’s Department of International Development).

Dr. Copsey has extensive diplomatic experience as the former Head of Future of Europe Department in the UK Foreign Office and will be starting his diplomatic posting as His Majesty’s Ambassador to Bulgaria this August 2024. Dr. Copsey has also been a Visiting Professor at the University of Helsinki, MGIMO in Moscow and Sciences-Po (Lille and Rennes). Dr. Copsey holds a BA (Hons) in Modern History from the University of Oxford, a Masters from the College of Europe and a DPhil from the University of Sussex.

In collaboration with Oxford Speaks.

Speakers:

Andrew Francis: the FCDO’s Head of Climate Diplomacy- a role that includes overseeing all climate diplomatic strategy, running HMG’s global climate attaché network, and leading FCDO planning for the last COP Summits. Immediately prior to this, Andrew was the FCDO’s Head of Communications for Europe & Central Asia, overseeing the department’s communications across the region. This included leading the department’s global Brexit communications. After graduating from the London School of Economics with a masters in the History of International Relations, he began his career in communications for the UN Refugee Agency during the Arab Spring. He joined the UK Government in 2012, firstly as a Policy Advisor developing the Government’s new digital strategy, then moving to the Prime Minister’s Office & Cabinet Office as a Senior Media Advisor. In this role he planned communications for various major events, including multiple Queen’s Speeches and the birth of the royal baby. Andrew was also Official Spokesperson for the official inquiry into the Iraq War, successfully overseeing global media for publication of the 2.5 million word report. He has advised a number of governments around the world on their strategic communications planning and implementation.

Professor Benito Müller: Managing Director of Oxford Climate Policy (a not-for-profit company aimed at capacity building for developing country climate change negotiators), and Director of the European Capacity Building Initiative (ecbi), an international initiative for sustained capacity building in support of international climate change negotiations. He has been serving as Adviser to the LDC Group Chair (2011-12) and the Africa Group Chair (2012-13). He participated in the deliberation of the Transitional Committee (TC) for the Green Climate Fund (GCF) as Adviser to the LDC TC members, who he has also been advising on the GCF Board and the UNFCCC Standing Committee on Finance. Professor Müller received his doctorate (D. Phil.) in Philosophy from the University of Oxford and was formerly a Research Fellow at Wolfson College and a Lecturer in Logic at the Queen’s College, Oxford. He has a Diploma in Mathematics from the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zürich, Switzerland.

Kaya Axelsson: research fellow and Head of Policy and Partnership at Oxford Net Zero where she leads a team to translate research into resources, policy, and standards for defining and achievements net zero. After years working as a community organiser, Kaya moved to Oxford to work on connecting climate action communities internationally. She has earned distinction for research on politically unlikely renewable energy coalitions. Her current research and engagement focus is on the emerging net zero governance and regulatory landscape. Kaya has served as a strategic advisor to the UN-backed Race to Zero campaign and as a technical author on the International Standard Organisation’s Net Zero Guidelines. With 15 years of experience in social and environmental sustainability, she convenes and works regularly with organisations and policy leaders on their net zero strategies.

A panel of specialists from the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change (TBI) discussed their work as an advisory capacity with governments and NGOs worldwide!

The TBI was founded in 2016 with the intention of restoring the Blairite middle way in global politics, fighting populism and extremism, and focusing on peace initiatives and state-building in areas of endemic violence, particularly in the Middle East.

Panelists:

Stephanie Jackson, a Senior Manager, Strategy & Operations within the TBI Government Advisory practice, supporting a global portfolio of 200+ projects across 40+ countries. Stephanie previously worked for McKinsey & Company, focused on digital transformation and enterprise agility in the public sector, and was seconded to McKinsey’s “Generation” charity as Director of Programmes. Before that, she was based in Beijing, China, for 4 years working for the British Council on UK-China education programmes; and Managua, Nicaragua, managing social projects for a cultural centre.

Ruby Osman, a Policy Advisor at TBI where she leads the institute’s China work. Ruby has appeared on the BBC and written for TIME, Newsweek and the South China Morning Post on China’s foreign and domestic policy, and previously co-founded the Oxford Silk Road Society think-tank.

Matt Andersen, an Analyst at the TBI working in the institute’s Research & Data unit. Alongside this, he is completing a DPhil in History at Brasenose College, where he is writing a thesis on the reinvention of liberalism in Britain and America during the Cold War. He currently serves as the editor of the Oxford Centre for Intellectual History and his work sits at the intersection of intellectual history and public policy.

Olivia Louisy, a Recruitment Manager at TBI where she recruits experienced hires globally across Policy and Politics, Partnerships and Advisory. In addition, supporting the Senior Recruitment and Outreach Manager with Early Careers (Associate Internship programmes) and outreach to universities.

The Right Honourable Baroness Catherine Ashton served as the European Union's first High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy from 2009 to 2014. She earned wide praise as a negotiator, leading the P5+1 talks on Iran’s nuclear program and galvanizing agreement between Serbia and Kosovo. Previously, Baroness Ashton served as the first woman Commissioner for Trade in the European Commission and the first woman British European Commissioner. A Life Peer in the British House of Lords, she is a former nominee for the Nobel Peace Prize, among other accolades. She served as a Distinguished Fellow at the Wilson Center in 2017.

Dialogues between students and senior policing and intelligence officials on collaborative justice and the Diplomacy of extradition treaties.

With:

Mark Goldring: director of Asylum Welcome, a local charity that works with asylum seekers and refugees who do make it to the U.K. . He was previously CEO of OXFAM, and in roles for UNDP, DFID and VSO has lived and worked in many of the countries from which refugees come or seek sanctuary.

Alexander Betts: serves as the University's Local and Global Engagement Officer, and Chair of the University's Sport Strategy Committee. His research focuses on refugees' access to socio-economic opportunities, and he has undertaken research across Africa and Europe. He has published 12 books, around 100 scholarly publications, and won several academic prizes, including from the International Studies Association and American Political Science Association for his scholarship, and the ESRC's Outstanding International Impact Prize. He has been named by Foreign Policy magazine as one of the world's top-100 global thinkers, by the World Economic Forum as a Young Global Leader, by Friends of Europe as a European Young Leader under-40, and by Thinkers50 on their radar list of emerging business influencers. He has written for the New York Times, the Washington Post, and the Guardian, and his TED talks have been viewed by over 3 million people. He has previously served as the Director the Refugee Studies Centre, Associate Head of the Social Sciences Division, and is co-founder of the Oxford SDG Impact Lab and the Refugee-Led Research Hub in Nairobi. He was previously the World Masters and European Universities debating champion.

Loren Landau: Professor of Migration and Development at the University of Oxford and Research Professor at the University of the Witwatersrand’s African Centre for Migration & Society. His interdisciplinary scholarship explores mobility, multi-scale governance, and the transformation of socio-political community across the global south. Publications include, Forging African Communities: Mobility, Integration, and Belonging (Palgrave); I Want to Go Home Forever: Stories of Becoming and Belonging in South Africa’s Great Metropolis (Wits Press); Contemporary Migration to South Africa (World Bank); The Humanitarian Hangover: Displacement, Aid, and Transformation in Western Tanzania (Wits Press); and Exorcising the Demons Within: Xenophobia, Violence and Statecraft in Contemporary South Africa (UN University Press/Wits Press). He has consulted with the European Union, the World Bank, UNDP, UNHCR, UNECA, the Cities Alliance, and others. As chair of the Consortium for Refugees and Migrants in South Africa (2004-2012) he served on the South African Immigration Advisory Board. He is now a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa. He holds an MSc in Development Studies (LSE) and a PhD in Political Science (Berkeley). Together with Jean Pierre Misago, he co-founded and co-directs the Wits-Oxford Mobility Governance Lab (MGL).

Emma Walker-Silverman: doctoral researcher affiliated with the Refugee Studies Centre. She is broadly interested in intergroup relations and the forces that shape them, and specifically why different people and communities respond so differently to hosting refugees. Her doctoral research uses qualitative and experimental methods to examine the influence of social media on attitudes towards Syrian refugees in Turkey. She holds an MSc in Refugee and Forced Migration Studies from the University of Oxford and a BA in Psychology from Stanford University, both with distinction. Before coming to Oxford, she worked as a Fulbright researcher and coordinator with local NGOs in Turkey. Alongside research, she is a warden at Lincoln College, plays ice hockey for the Oxford Blues and is an editor of the Oxford Monitor of Forced Migration.

With:

H. E. Piotr Wilczek, Polish Ambassador to the United Kingdom: Professor Piotr Wilczek has been the Polish Ambassador to the Court of St James's in London since February 2022. Previously, from 2016 to 2021, he served as the Polish Ambassador to the United States, where he notably strengthened transatlantic relations in defence, energy, and trade. For these achievements, he received the Amicus Oeconomiae Prize in 2020. Before his diplomatic career, Wilczek was a tenured professor at the University of Warsaw and held leadership roles at the University of Silesia. He has been a visiting professor and guest speaker at top world universities, including Oxford, Harvard, and the University of Chicago, and participated in prestigious international conferences such as the Aspen Security Forum. He is an author of numerous books and journal articles in fields such as literary studies, early modern intellectual history, religious studies, translation studies, and rhetoric. In 2017, Cleveland State University awarded him an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters. He has been pivotal in fostering international collaborations, representing entities like Refo500 and the Kościuszko Foundation in Poland.

Born in Chorzów, Poland in 1962, Wilczek earned advanced degrees from the University of Silesia and pursued further studies at University of Oxford and the University of London's Warburg Institute. He has been Professor of the Humanities since 2006.

H. E. Yannis Tsaousis, Greek Ambassador to the United Kingdom: Yannis Tsaousis was appointed Ambassador of the Hellenic Republic to the Court of St James’s in March 2023. Previously Ambassador Tsaousis was the Director of the Diplomatic Cabinet of the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2019 to 2023.

Since joining the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1997, he has served in a wide range of Diplomatic Service roles in Athens and abroad, including service in the Permanent Representation of Greece to NATO in Brussels (1999-2003), in Cyprus (2003-2007), South Africa (2009-2012) and in the Permanent Mission of Greece to the UN and other Organisations in Geneva (2012-2016).

Ambassador Tsaousis holds a Bachelor in Law from the University of Athens and postgraduate degrees from the University of Kent (LLM), the University of Paris I- Sorbonne (D.E.A.) and the University of Oxford (MSt) in the fields of Public International Law and International Organisations.

Lord Peter spent 40 years as a member of the Diplomatic Service. His final post was Ambassador in Paris (2012-16). Before that he was the UK’s first National Security Adviser (2010-12), and in that role was the coordinator of the 2010 National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review. He was Permanent Under Secretary at the FCO and Head of the Diplomatic Service (2006-10). He spent much of his career working on politico-military issues and crisis management, including spells as the FCO Political Director (2001-3) and Permanent Representative to NATO (2003-6). He holds Honorary Degrees from the Universities of London, Kent and Bath and is an Honorary Fellow of Pembroke College Oxford.

“Israeli policy over the last 2 decades”- in collaboration with Oxford Speaks.

Sir Mark Sedwill was Cabinet Secretary from April 2018 to September 2020 and National Security Advisor from April 2017 to September 2020. Prior to this, Mark was the Permanent Secretary at the Home Office (2013-17), FCO Political Director (2012-13), NATO Senior Civilian Representative in Afghanistan (2010-11), HM Ambassador to Afghanistan (2009-10) and Director of UKvisas (2006-8). He joined the Foreign & Commonwealth Office in 1989, serving in Egypt, Iraq, Cyprus and Pakistan.

Mark was educated at the University of St Andrews and the University of Oxford. He is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, a Fellow of the Institute of Directors and President of the Special Forces Club.

Academy Fellow in Human Rights at the Queen Elizabeth II Academy for Leadership in International Affairs, Chatham House. Shaharzad is a human rights activist from Afghanistan, currently in exile, with a diverse professional background in human rights, media and culture, and youth mobilization. Her work experience spans from establishing and running a consultancy firm in Kabul, supporting Afghan civil society and media in her role as Country Director of Open Society Afghanistan, to working with the government on development issues and most recently leading Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission.

Shaharzad completed an MPhil at Oxford University in 2011; previously she obtained her BA (cum laude) from Smith College in the U.S.

The culmination of a term’s worth of work, with four lectures, a mentorship day, and a week of competing students labouring over presentation all coming together in an evening of fascinating student insights and sound feedback from the judges. The event was made all the more memorable and significant by the powerful keynote address from the Finnish Ambassador to the UK, H.E. Jukka Siukosaari, which began the evenings proceedings. To read more about the success of the event and the whole project in collaboration with NATO, read more here:

Grand Final Report

Principal of Hertford College, Oxford University, Tom Fletcher was previously the foreign policy adviser to three UK Prime Ministers (2007-11) and the UK’s Ambassador to Lebanon (2011-15). More recently he was a Visiting Professor at New York University (2015-20), advised the Global Business Coalition for Education, and chaired the International Advisory Council of the Creative Industries Federation. In 2018 he founded The Foundation for Opportunity which supports good people doing good things in public life. He also led a review of British diplomacy for the UK Foreign Office in 2016, and on the future of the United Nations for the UN Secretary General in 2017. Plus a report in 2018 on the skills the next generation need to thrive in the 21st century. He has published three books. ‘The Naked Diplomat: Power and Politics in the Digital Age’ (Harper Collins, June 2016), ‘Ten Survival Skills for a World in Flux’ (Harper Collins, February 2022) and ‘The Ambassador’ (Canelo, August 2022).

Melinda Simmons was His Majesty’s Ambassador to Ukraine until August 2023. She was first appointed to this role in September 2019. She began her career in international sales and moved from there to work for an NGO specialising in conflict prevention and resolution in war torn countries. She progressed to the Civil Service and worked for the Department for International Development in several policy roles, including a tour overseas in South Africa as well as heading up the Middle East and the Europe Departments. Before taking up the role in Kyiv Melinda was head of Conflict Department, and among her work there campaigned for justice for crimes of sexual violence against women and girls in war torn countries. She also specialised in United Nations peacekeeping and peace building.

In collaboration with STAIR and OxSID, with:

Dr. Alex Vines OBE: led the Africa Programme at Chatham House since 2002 and became Research Director of Regions and Risk in 2023. He has chaired the UN Panel of Experts on Côte d’Ivoire from 2005 to 2007 and was a member of the UN Panel of Experts on Liberia from 2001 to 2003. He was also a member of the Commonwealth Observer Group to Mozambique in 2019 (and Ghana in 2016) and a UN election officer in Mozambique (1994) and Angola (1992). He has extensively studied, worked, and taught on African affairs for more than 30 years, and was awarded an OBE in 2008 in recognition of his work that includes founding and developing Chatham House’s Africa programme. Prior to joining Chatham House Alex was at Human Rights Watch where his work included business and human rights.

Dr. Emmanuel Ikechukwu Umeonyirihoa: polyglot, researcher, Sino-Africa relations expert, and entrepreneur. He is a member of the Organisation of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), where he coordinates the Africa-Sino Research Group. He has published articles on Africa and China issues, the IMF, the World Bank, and diplomatic relations. Previously, he was the first ever Igbo Language lecturer at the African Studies Centre of the University of Oxford. He is currently also working on more standard books and other learning materials for teaching and promoting the Igbo language and culture across the globe and the people-to-people relationship between Africa and China, for which he was awarded various recognitions.

Hannah Grupp: Analyst at the Africa Chief Economist Office at the World Bank. Previously, she was the International Affairs Officer for Germany’s biggest political youth organization Junge Union and worked on Angela Merkel’s election campaign in 2017. She studied Economics at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and later completed her Master’s degree in International Economics and International Relations at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). She is currently working on a research project titled “The potential and prospects of German FDI in African economies amidst geoeconomic fragmentation.”

Nicholas Lippolis: final-year DPhil candidate in Politics at DPIR and Wolfson College. In addition, he is a researcher at the Centre for the Study of African Economies, Department of Economics; a fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on African Governance; and the co-convenor of the Oxford University China-Africa Network. Prior to this, he has also been a visiting researcher at the Centre de Recherches Internationales (CERI) at Sciences Po Paris, and was part of a project aiming to reshape the policy agenda on industrialization in Africa at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford. He has consulted for the World Bank and previously worked in macroeconomic research on emerging markets at Goldman Sachs in London. Nicolas has provided written commentary on economic and development policy for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Oxford Analytica, Our World in Data, and the Elcano Royal Institute, among others. Interviews, quotes and references to Nicolas’ work have appeared various outlets, including the South China Morning Post.

H.E. Ambassador Fraser was appointed Ambassador of the Republic of Ireland to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 2022. He joined the Civil Service directly out of school, and soon moved to the Department of Foreign Affairs, working as a desk officer on the Middle East. After a period in the Department of Agriculture, Ambassador Fraser turned to Anglo-Irish relations, becoming director of the Northern Irish Division in 2004. He spent several years in the position of Assistant Secretary General of the Department of the Taoiseach, before being appointed Secretary General of this department, as well as Secretary General to the Government and Chairman of the National Economic and Social Council. His talk with the Society will focus on Ireland’s place in a wider geopolitical climate, UK-ROI relations, and the future of Northern Ireland.

Bonnie Glick is a senior adviser (non-resident) with the Project on Prosperity and Development at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). She was unanimously confirmed by the Senate to serve as the Deputy Administrator and Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) from January 2019 to November 2020. Bonnie worked for 12 years as a Foreign Service Officer in the U.S. Department of State. She later worked for IBM as a global account executive, where she coauthored three patents as part of the IBM Research Division. In her role as Deputy Administrator and COO, Glick's portfolio covered all agency programs worldwide (100+ countries) and all agency operations. Among the issues she championed were digital transformation, the significance of 5G as a development priority in emerging markets, private sector engagement, democracy and governance, global vaccine distribution, the Abraham Accords, and food security.

Chinese artist and activist who produced a multifaceted array of creative work, including sculptural installations, architectural projects, photographs, and videos. While Ai’s art was lauded internationally, the frequently provocative and subversive dimension of his art, as well as his political outspokenness, triggered various forms of repression from Chinese authorities. Ai uses art as a means of confronting the sociopolitical system in China. His recurrent manipulations of Chinese cultural artifacts juxtapose the materiality and tradition of the country’s imperial history with symbols of the current phase of its modernization. Ai is the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions, including the Chinese Contemporary Art Award (2008); the Skowhegan Medal (2011); Honorary Academician at the Royal Academy of Arts, London (2011); and the Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent (2012).

Principal of Hertford College, Oxford University, Tom Fletcher was previously the foreign policy adviser to three UK Prime Ministers (2007-11) and the UK’s Ambassador to Lebanon (2011-15). More recently he was a Visiting Professor at New York University (2015-20), advised the Global Business Coalition for Education, and chaired the International Advisory Council of the Creative Industries Federation. In 2018 he founded The Foundation for Opportunity which supports good people doing good things in public life. He also led a review of British diplomacy for the UK Foreign Office in 2016, and on the future of the United Nations for the UN Secretary General in 2017. Plus a report in 2018 on the skills the next generation need to thrive in the 21st century. He has published three books. ‘The Naked Diplomat: Power and Politics in the Digital Age’ (Harper Collins, June 2016), ‘Ten Survival Skills for a World in Flux’ (Harper Collins, February 2022) and ‘The Ambassador’ (Canelo, August 2022).

Dr Stuart Eves

Discussion with early- and mid-career diplomats about different career options in diplomacy, with:

Yuliia Shaipova: Foreign policy professional with experience in inter-parliamentary diplomacy, public diplomacy, and international development; former foreign policy advisor of Member of Ukrainian Parliament.

Muqeet Shah: At Foreign Service of Pakistan since 2011, expertise on crisis management in modern diplomacy.

Raúl Taveras: Analyst at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Dominican Republic from 2019, in the area of Latin American integration.

Nieves Cancela: International Relations professional with experience in working for foreign embassies (e.g. British Embassy and the Embassy of Jamaica in Mexico), in international cooperation for development and consular affairs.

Suvanga Parajuli: At Foreign Service of Nepal since 2011, Nepal's Delegate to the UN in NY from 2017-2021.

Former President of Colombia (2010-2018). Santos was the sole recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2016 for ending the longest armed conflict with the oldest guerrilla in the Western Hemisphere, as well as being the recipient of a series of other impressive accolades. These include the Global Statesman award during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, for his efforts to achieve peace in Colombia and for his distinguished career as a world leader, whilst Time magazine included him in the 2017 list of the 100 most influential public figures in the world, among other leaders such as Pope Francis and British Prime Minister Theresa May. He was the only Latin American leader included in that year's list.

Paul Docherty has spent most of his career in the British Council, the UK’s international organisation for cultural relations and educational opportunities. After reading Economic History at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, he taught English Language and Literature in Spain and at Moscow State University. He then joined the British Council after completing his M.Litt in Linguistics and his first overseas post was in Helsinki. He subsequently served as Cultural Attaché/Deputy Director of the British Council in Moscow, and Cultural Counsellor/Director of the British Council in Prague, Rome, and Paris. Postings in the UK included Director Communications, Director Scotland, and Director UK 2012. Paul has wide-ranging interests in international relations and diplomacy - especially cultural relations, public and cultural diplomacy and soft power – and has delivered guest lectures on these topics at universities and institutions across Europe and in the UK. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 2008.

Principal of Hertford College, Oxford University, Tom Fletcher was previously the foreign policy adviser to three UK Prime Ministers (2007-11) and the UK’s Ambassador to Lebanon (2011-15). More recently he was a Visiting Professor at New York University (2015-20), advised the Global Business Coalition for Education, and chaired the International Advisory Council of the Creative Industries Federation. In 2018 he founded The Foundation for Opportunity which supports good people doing good things in public life. He also led a review of British diplomacy for the UK Foreign Office in 2016, and on the future of the United Nations for the UN Secretary General in 2017. Plus a report in 2018 on the skills the next generation need to thrive in the 21st century. He has published three books. ‘The Naked Diplomat: Power and Politics in the Digital Age’ (Harper Collins, June 2016), ‘Ten Survival Skills for a World in Flux’ (Harper Collins, February 2022) and ‘The Ambassador’ (Canelo, August 2022).

CEO Hermitage Capital Management, Head of the Global Magnitsky Justice Campaign and author of Red Notice. William Browder was the largest foreign investor in Russia until 2005, when he was denied entry to the country and declared “a threat to national security” for exposing corruption in Russian state-owned companies. In 2008, Mr. Browder’s lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, uncovered a massive fraud committed by Russian government officials that involved the theft of US $230 million of state taxes. Sergei testified against state officials involved in this fraud and was subsequently arrested, imprisoned without trial and systematically tortured. He spent a year in prison under horrific detention conditions, was repeatedly denied medical treatment, and died in prison on November 16, 2009. Since then, Mr. Browder has sought justice outside of Russia and started a global campaign for governments around the world to impose targeted visa bans and asset freezes on human rights abusers and highly corrupt officials.

Appointed in 2021 as Ambassador of Armenia to the United Kingdom, Ambassador Nersesyan studied in the new faculty of International Relations at Yerevan State University and entered his country’s new foreign service in 1997. The early years of his career focused on multilateral diplomacy: the OSCE and European Union. He was soon appointed Deputy Chief of Mission of Armenia’s Permanent Representative to the OSCE. After a role as Deputy Ambassador in the US, he became Assistant to Armenia’s President for international relations also covering the national security council for Armenia. coinciding with Armenia’s Velvet Revolution.